Those fascinated by Panama’s role as a crossroads of the world can cover 500 years of history in less than a week. This requires skipping most of the natural attractions of Panama and concentrating on the human efforts to conquer the isthmus by trail, railway, and canal. Most touring is within a narrow band no more than 100 kilometers or so from the capital, making this an especially economical and speedy introduction to the country.

DAY 1
Arrive at Tocumen International Airport and transfer to a hotel in Panama City.

DAYS 2–3
Begin the first day with a morning visit to the ruins of Panamá la Vieja, and then spend the afternoon and next day exploring Casco Viejo and the greater San Felipe area. Those up for a long walk can begin at El Museo Antropológico Reina Torres de Araúz, and then walk up Avenida Central to Plaza Santa Ana, stopping for a snack and a drink at Café Coca Cola. Continue into Casco Viejo and explore all the churches and little museums on the walking tour. The next day, after exploring the rest of central Casco Viejo, continue through the Terraplén, the public market, Salsipuedes, and the Barrio Chino. Be cautious, and, if possible, go with a guide who knows the area and its history well.

DAY 4
Take the Panama Railway across the isthmus and visit Portobelo, Fuerte San Lorenzo, and Gatún Locks. A boat trip down the Río Chagres is especially evocative for those who want a sense of what conquistadors, pirates, and ’49ers faced when they first arrived on the isthmus. Take the train back to Panama City.

DAY 5
This day can be devoted to the history of the Panama Canal. Begin by exploring the old townsites of Ancón and Balboa, being sure to stop by the old high school, now the Centro de Capacitación Ascanio Arosemena, to see the many relics and mementos that date from the earliest canal-construction days. Have lunch at the Miraflores Locks visitors center, and then tour the locks and the center’s exhibits. Continue to Pedro Miguel and Gaillard Cut, then head out to Madden Forest to see a bit of the fabled Camino de Cruces. Return to Panama City for dinner.

DAY 6
Transfer to Tocumen International Airport for the return flight home.